Develop a Telegram Bot with R
This package provides a pure R interface for the Telegram Bot API. In addition to the pure API implementation, it features a number of tools to make the development of Telegram bots with R easy and straightforward, providing an easy-to-use interface that takes some work off the programmer.
You can install telegram.bot from CRAN:
Or the development version from GitHub:
You can quickly build a chatbot with a few lines:
library(telegram.bot)
start <- function(bot, update) {
bot$sendMessage(
chat_id = update$message$chat$id,
text = sprintf("Hello %s!", update$message$from$first_name)
)
}
updater <- Updater("TOKEN") + CommandHandler("start", start)
updater$start_polling() # Send "/start" to the botIf you don’t have a TOKEN, you can follow the steps explained below to generate one.
One of the core instances from the package is Bot, which represents a Telegram Bot. You can find a full list of the Telegram API methods implemented in its documentation (?Bot), but here there are some examples:
# Initialize bot
bot <- Bot(token = "TOKEN")
# Get bot info
print(bot$getMe())
# Get updates
updates <- bot$getUpdates()
# Retrieve your chat id
# Note: you should text the bot before calling `getUpdates`
chat_id <- updates[[1L]]$from_chat_id()
# Send message
bot$sendMessage(chat_id,
text = "foo *bold* _italic_",
parse_mode = "Markdown"
)
# Send photo
bot$sendPhoto(chat_id,
photo = "https://telegram.org/img/t_logo.png"
)
# Send audio
bot$sendAudio(chat_id,
audio = "http://www.largesound.com/ashborytour/sound/brobob.mp3"
)
# Send document
bot$sendDocument(chat_id,
document = "https://github.com/ebeneditos/telegram.bot/raw/gh-pages/docs/telegram.bot.pdf"
)
# Send sticker
bot$sendSticker(chat_id,
sticker = "https://www.gstatic.com/webp/gallery/1.webp"
)
# Send video
bot$sendVideo(chat_id,
video = "http://techslides.com/demos/sample-videos/small.mp4"
)
# Send gif
bot$sendAnimation(chat_id,
animation = "https://media.giphy.com/media/sIIhZliB2McAo/giphy.gif"
)
# Send location
bot$sendLocation(chat_id,
latitude = 51.521727,
longitude = -0.117255
)
# Send chat action
bot$sendChatAction(chat_id,
action = "typing"
)
# Get user profile photos
photos <- bot$getUserProfilePhotos(user_id = chat_id)
# Download user profile photo
file_id <- photos$photos[[1L]][[1L]]$file_id
bot$getFile(file_id, destfile = "photo.jpg")Note that you can also send local files by passing their path instead of an URL. Additionally, all methods accept their equivalent snake_case syntax (e.g. bot$get_me() is equivalent to bot$getMe()).
To make it work, you’ll need an access TOKEN (it should look something like 123456:ABC-DEF1234ghIkl-zyx57W2v1u123ew11). If you don’t have it, you have to talk to @BotFather and follow a few simple steps (described here).
Recommendation: Following Hadley’s API guidelines it’s unsafe to type the TOKEN just in the R script. It’s better to use environment variables set in .Renviron file.
So let’s say you have named your bot RTelegramBot; you can open the .Renviron file with the R command:
And put the following line with your TOKEN in your .Renviron:
If you follow the suggested R_TELEGRAM_BOT_ prefix convention you’ll be able to use the bot_token function (otherwise you’ll have to get these variable from Sys.getenv). Finally, restart R and you can then create the Updater object as:
To get you started with telegram.bot, we recommend to take a look at its Wiki:
You can also check these other resources:
If you have any other doubt about the package, you can post a question on Stack Overflow under the r-telegram-bot tag or directly e-mail the package’s maintainer.
The package is in a starting phase, so contributions of all sizes are very welcome. Please: - Review our contribution guidelines to get started. - You can also help by reporting bugs.
This package is inspired by Python’s library python-telegram-bot, specially by its submodule telegram.ext.